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Quality Response of 10 Hard Red Spring Wheat Cultivars to 25 Environments¹

Ten hard red spring (HRS) wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars were grown in 25 Montana environments from 1964 through 1967. Each location in each year was considered as a separate environment. The regression of cultivar quality values on the nursery quality means over 25 environments afforded an estimate of cultivar x environment interactions. At least one cultivar regression coefficient (b) was significantly different from the nursery regression coefficient (b = 1.00) for each of the quality traits reported.

‘Centana’ and ‘Sheridan’ responded most to increasing protein environments while ‘Crim’ responded least; however, their mean flour protein percentages were alike. Conditions favoring flour yield produced the greatest increase in Crim flour yield; other cultivar b values were similar to the nursery b values in response to environment. Centana's response to environments for test weight was increased significantly by conditions favoring this characteristic. ‘Manitou’ and ‘Chris’ responded least whereas Sheridan responded most to environments which increased farinograph peak time. Farinograph stability increased most rapidly in Sheridan and Centana and least rapidly in Chris, ‘Sawtana,’ and ‘Thatcher.’ Mix time in the bake test increased least in ‘Rescue’ and ‘Fortuna’ as a result of favorable environment. Loaf volume increased most in Centana and ‘Ceres’ and least in Sawtana as the environment favoring this trait improved.

We conclude that quality characteristics of HRS wheat cultivars do not respond similarly when the environment favoring these quality traits improves. Therefore, important quality responses are ignored if only mean quality data are considered or when intracultivar blends across environments are made for quality evaluations.

Key Words: Flour yield • Farinograph peak • Farinograph stability • Flour protein • Loaf volume • Test weight • Bake mix time

² Cereal Technologist, Montana Agricultural Experiment Station; and Research Agronomist, ARS, USDA, Bozeman, MT 59715.

Received for publication October 13, 1972.

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