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Genetic and Environmental Variation of Seed Yield, Yield Components, and Seed Protein Quantity and Quality of Cowpea¹

Pure line cultivars of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.) were grown in the field at Ile-Ife, Nigeria, and the biotron and greenhouse at Madison, Wis., in both short- and long-day environments to study yield, yield components, percent protein, and amino acid content of the mature seeds. Seeds/pod, 50-seed wt, and methionine content demonstrated medium to high broad sense heritability and the other traits were medium to low. Genotypic variance components for 50-seed wt, seeds/pod, percent protein, mg of methionine/g of flour and g of methionine/l00g of protein, and genotype x location components for 50-seed wt and percent protein were statistically significant and large enough to be of practical importance. Genotypic and phenotypic correlations of yield with 50-seed wt were high and positive, whereas those for yield with percent protein, yield with methionine content, and 50-seed wt with tryptophan content were negative and relatively high. ‘Producer,’ which is high in percent protein and yield, is a promising parent in crosses with Nigerian local cultivars

Key Words: High protein • Protein quality

² Associate Professor, Department of Horticulture, University of Wisconsin, Madison; Associate Professor, Department of Plant Sciences, California State University, Chico; Lecturer, Department of Plant Science University of Ife, Ile-Ife, Nigeria; and Associate Professor, Department of Horticulture, University of Wisconsin, Madison.

Received for publication April 19, 1973.