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Photoperiodic Responses of Peanuts¹

In an initial experiment the response to photoperiod of six lines representing the two subspecies of Arachis hypogaea L. was measured under two long-day and two short-day photoperiodic treatments in the North Carolina State Unit of the Southeastern Environment Laboratories. All treatments were at constant day/night temperatures of 30/26 C for 64 days.

Vegetative growth of the plants was reduced by shortday treatments. However, plants grown under short days produced more fruit than plants subjected to long-day treatments.

A second experiment tested the interactions of photoperiod with temperature and their effects on reproductive and vegetative characters of peanuts. Three lines of A. hypogaea were exposed to long and short days at 30/26, 26/22, and 22/18 C.

Plants grown under short days were smaller in size but produced more fruit than plants grown under long days. The greater fruit production of plants grown under short days was not caused by differences in flowering intensity, but by factors that occurred after flowering.

Key Words: Flowering • Photoperiod • Arachis • Fruiting • Temperature

² Instructor of Crop Science; Professor of Crop Science and Genetics; and Professor of Botany and Director of the Phytotron, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, N. C.; respectively.

Received for publication March 1, 1973.