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Indirect Mass Selection for Grain Yield in Oat Populations¹

The effectiveness of mass selection for heavy panicle weight in a heterogeneous oat (Avena sativa L.) population was evaluated using an F₆ bulk oat population composed by mixing seed samples from 160 crosses. To initiate the selection procedure, 6,000 samples of 30 seeds were sown, each in a hill in the center of a 0.09-m² land area. After harvest, the three heaviest panicles (10%) were selected from each hill and bulk-threshed. Two cycles, of this type of mass selection were carried out, and subsequently, 390 lines from the original and first cycle mass-selected populations, 360 lines from the second cycle mass-selected population, rand 30 check cultivars were tested for grain yield and other traits in replicated experiments.

The mass-selection procedure increased panicle weight 7.5% and grain yield 5.6% per cycle. These shifts were associated with taller plant heights and later heading dates. The increase in grain yield was attributed 80% to increased seeds per panicle and 20% to increased seed weight. Tillering was decreased 2.5%.

Key Words: Yield components • Panicle weight

² Graduate fellow and Professor of Plant Breeding, respectively,Iowa State University.

Received for publication January 22, 1973.