Crop Science Journal of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Education
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Published in Crop Sci 13:365-367 (1973)
© 1973 Crop Science Society of America
677 S. Segoe Rd., Madison, WI 53711 USA
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Protein Distribution in the Oat (Avena sterilis Lt.) Kernel1

Vernon L. Youngs and David M. Peterson2

Kernels of 25 selections of Avena sterilis were dehulled, and the groats were hand-dissected into the embryonic axis, scutellum, bran, and starchy endosperm. All fractions were weighed, analyzed for protein, and compared with one cultivar of Avena sativa L., Markton. Groat yield and groat size were lower for A. sterilis L. than for Markton. Protein concentration (%) was higher in the A. sterilis selections, but protein content per groat was lower, due to smaller groats. A. sterilis groats were mostly starchy endosperm (58.0%) and bran (39.1%), with scutellum and embryonic-axis fractions contributing little to the total groat weight. These values were similar to those of Markton. Both bran weight and endosperm weight were positively correlated with groat size, although the proportion of endosperm was higher in larger groats. Protein concentration was lowest in the starchy endosperm. Except for a few selections, protein concentration of all fractions was higher in A. sterilis than in Markton. Selections with high protein showed higher protein concentrations in both the bran and starchy endosperm. As a single fraction, bran contained the greatest amount of the total groat protein in all but three of the selections.

Key Words: Groat • Scutellum • Embryonic axis • Bran • Starchy endosperm • Avena sativa

1 Cooperative investigations, Agricultural Research Service, USDA, and the Agricultural Experiment Station, University of Wisconsin, Madison. Mention of a trademark or proprietary product does not constitute a guarantee or warranty of the product by the U.S. Department of Agriculture and does not imply its approval to the exclusion of other products that may also be suitable.

2 Research Chemist and Associate Professor, and Plant Physiologist and Assistant Professor, respectively, Oat Quality Laboratory, USDA, and Department of Agronomy, University of Wisconsin, Madison.

Received for publication December 27, 1972.




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Environmental Quality		 The Plant Genome
Copyright © 1973 by the Crop Science Society of America.