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Insolation and Temperature Effects on Maize Growth and Yield¹

Five hybrid varieties of maize (Zea mays L.) were planted at three rates and two dates for 2 years at Lexington, Ky.; Greenfield, Calif.; and Davis, Calif.; locations with nearly the same latitude and elevation but having climates differing widely in insolation and average daily temperature. Plots were managed to minimize differences other than climate.

Grain yields per hectare were highest at Davis, which had the highest daily insolation, highest daylight temperatures, and second-lowest night temperatures. Grain yields were lowest at Lexington, which had the lowest daily insolation, moderately high daylight temperatures, and the highest night temperatures. Grain yields and environmental factors at Greenfield presented a more complex picture, which is discussed. Grain yields at each location were positively, and kernel weights, negatively correlated with planting rate.

Key Words: Day length • Development rate • Kernel weight • Photosynthetic efficiency • Plant height

² Professor of Agronomy, University of Kentucky; Director of Plant Breeding, Cornuts, Inc.; and Professor of Agronomy, University of California-Davis, respectively.

Received for publication May 30, 1972.

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