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Effect of Ethrel on Seasonal Activity of Three Enzymes and Lodging Resistance in Soybeans¹

‘Hark,’ ‘Chippewa,’ and ‘Corsoy’ soybeans [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] were grown in field plots in 1969 and 1970. 2-chloroethylphosphonic acid (Ethrel) at concentrations of 0 to 1000 ppm was applied as a foliar spray when third trifoliolate leaves were 75% expanded. Plants were assayed during the growing season for phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) (4.3.1.a) and peroxidase (1.11.1.7) activity in the stem, and nitrate reductase (NR) (1.6.6.1) activity in the leaves. Acid-detergent fiber and lignin analyses along with anatomical observations were performed on the stems. Plants were rated for extent of lodging and seed yields were determined. NR activity peaked on July 6, PAL activity peaked during mid-July, and peroxidase activity peaked in mid- to late August. Peroxidase activity increased in response to Ethrel, particularly in the internodes where lodging was first evident in control plants. PAL activity increased in response to Ethrel during the seasonal peak in enzyme activity. Corsoy lodged more than did the other varieties, but lodging was reduced in all varieties. Seed yield was not reduced by Ethrel, indicating that this growth substance may be of use to decrease harvest losses of soybean seed due to lodging.

Key Words: Nitrate reductase • Phenylalanine ammonia lyase • Peroxidase • Acid-detergent fiber • Lignin

² Formerly Research Assistant (now Laboratory Manager, National Biocentric, Inc., St. Paul, Minn.); Formerly Assistant Professor (now Group Leader, Plant Growth Regulant Research, American Cyanamid Co., Princeton, N. J.); and Assistant Professor, Department of Agronomy, University of Wisconsin, Madison, respectively.

Received for publication February 3, 1972.