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Inheritance and Distribution of Grass-Dwarfing Genes in Short-Statured Wheats¹

The inheritance of the grass-dwarf phenotype was studied in three crosses of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) involving the varieties ‘Ramona 50,’ ‘Nainari 60,’ and ‘Olesen’ crossed with grass-dwarf ‘UCD 6914.’ F₁ and F₂ data indicated that grass-dwarfing genes D₁ and D₂ in the Ramona 50 and Nainari 60 crosses and D₁, D₂, and D₃ in the Olesen cross interact to produce grass-dwarf plants. Limited evidence suggested that grass-dwarfing genes also influence height of plants of a normal phenotype.

UCD 6914 and ‘Cheyenne’ were two of several varieties found to be useful as tester genotypes for detecting the presence of grass-dwarfing genes among varieties of unknown genotype. Eleven of 20 short-statured selections from several countries were identified as carrying genes which condition the grass-dwarf phenotype. The possibiliity that semi-dwarf varieties may have been derived from variants of the grass-dwarf type is suggested.

Key Words: Plant height • Semidwarfs • Tester varieties • Genes D₁, D₂, and D₃

² Research Geneticist, Plant Science Research Division, Agricultural Research Service, USDA, Fargo, N. D. 58102; and Associate Professor of Agronomy, University of California, Davis, respectively.

Received for publication March 10, 1972.