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Published in Crop Sci 13:107-110 (1973)
© 1973 Crop Science Society of America
677 S. Segoe Rd., Madison, WI 53711 USA
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Glands, Gossypol Content, and Tobacco Budworm Development in Seedlings and Floral Parts of Cotton

F. D. Wilson and T. N. Shaver2

Larvae of tobacco budworm, Heliothis virescens (F.), were placed on seedlings and fed on detached fresh flower buds (squares) of cotton, Gossypium hirsutum L. Cotton entries included four parents, carrying all truebreeding combinations of the duplicate gland-determining alleles Gl2, gl2, Gl3rat, and gl3, and all 12 F1 hybrids, including reciprocals. Data were obtained on larval preference for seedlings; weight of larvae fed on fresh squares; gland density in seedlings; stigmas; and bolls; and gossypol content of cotyledons, seedling leaves, and squares. Gland density and gossypol content were highly correlated with the number of gland-determining alleles present and with each other. Both were highly negatively correlated with larval seedling preference and larval weight. Gl2, the "A" subgenome allele, was more expressive in seedlings, while Gl3rat, the "D" subgenome allele, transferred from G. raimondii Ulbr., was more expressive in stigmagland density and square-gossypol content. In fact, the number of stigma glands was as high, and larval weights were as low, in the monomeric gl2gl2Gl3ratGl3rat as in the dimeric Gl2Gl2Gl3ratGl3rat, thus suggesting the predictive value of stigma-gland counts in these cottons, and the possible practical value of the monomeric as a breeding stock. Diallel analyses showed that most of the genetic variance in gland density, gossypol content, and larval response was additive. Dominance was virtually absent. Epistasis varied considerably, but contributed substantially to the total genetic variance of gland density in seedlings, stigmas, and bolls. Reciprocal and maternal effects were generally small and nonsignificant.

Key Words: Gossypium hirsutum L. • Heliothis virescens (F.) • Diallel analysis

1 Cooperative investigations of the Texas Agricultural Experiment Station and Agricultural Research Service, USDA, College Station, Texas 77843 and Brownsville, Texas 78520. Thanks are extended to J. A. Lee for plant materials and suggestions, to R. O. Kuehl, Arizona Agricultural Experiment Station, for statistical advice, and to the following individuals for assistance rendered: Jayne Bassett, Kenneth Clark, Ann Dreyfus, J. A. Garcia, and Mark Robinson.

2 Research Geneticist and Research Biochemist, ARS, USDA, College Station and Brownsville, Texas, respectively. Present address of senior author: Western Cotton Research Laboratory, ARS, USDA, 4135 E. Broadway, Phoenix, Ariz. 85040.

Received for publication July 22, 1972.




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