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Flower Color Inheritance of Crimson Clover (Trifolium incarnatum)

Crimson, deep pink, and medium pink crimson clover (Trifolium incarnatum L.) flower colors are under the control of gene Cr. There are possibly three alleles of this gene, Cr, Cr', and Cr', each one causing a successive increase in total pigment concentration, which in turn determines the precise shade of coloration. All three alleles are dominant to the recessive cr, which results in white color in the homozygous recessive condition.

In addition to gene Cr, maroon flowers are also under the control of gene M. The interaction of these two genes results in a 9:3:4 F₂ segregation ratio. It is possible that sectoring and incompatibility alleles are involved in these lines.

Lavender flower is under the control of two genes, Cr and B. Gene B regulates flavonoid production at the expense of anthocyanin production, resulting in the copigmentation phenomenon that produces the lavender coloration.

Key Words: Flower mutants • Pigments • Copigmentation • Self-incompatibility

² National Science Foundation Trainee, Department of Botany, Mississippi State University; Research Agronomist, PSRD, ARS, USDA; and Associate Professor, Department of Biochemistry, Mississippi State University, respectively.

Received for publication May 12, 1972.