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Inheritance of Brown Pericarp and Subcoat in Sorghum¹

Five grain sorghums [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] were used in this study to determine the inheritance of the brown pericarp and subcoat: (i). 7078,Tx 7078 strain of ‘Combine 7078’ (red pericarp without a subcoat); (ii). CK-60,Tx 3197 strain of ‘Combine Kafir 60’ (white pericarp with reddish brown speckles without a subcoat); (iii). Hegari, TS 7313 strain of ‘Early Hegari’ (chalky white pericarp with a subcoat); (iv). Schrock, CI 616 strain of ‘Schrock’ (brown pericarp with a subcoat); and (v). Shallu, AK 3001R strain of ‘Double Dwarf Early Shallu’ (pearly white pericarp without a subcoat). All possible crosses (with reciprocals) were made among the five sorghums. The pericarp colors and the presence or absence of a subcoat were noted for the crosses and reciprocals in the F₁ generation. The presence or absence of the subcoat was determined by microscopic examinations of cross sections of the grain from the parents and from their crosses and reciprocals, 20 F₁'s.

The F₂ segregating populations were classified for pericarp colors and for the presence or absence of a subcoat. The observed data were tested by chi-square for goodness-of-fit to the theoretical ratios. The F₃ populations were used to confirm the F₂ segregating ratios.

It was confirmed that two complementary factors B₁ and B₂ are responsible for the presence of a subcoat. Brown pericarp resulted when factors B₁, B₂, and S were dominant and these brown grains possessed a subcoat. Additional factors R and Y were responsible for red pericarp when any of the factors B₁, B₂, or S were homozygous recessive. Brown grain containing the dominant R and Y factors had a deeper brown color. When either of the subcoat factors were homozygous recessive and homozygous recessive R or Y factor, regardless of the S factor, a white pericarp resulted. Pericarp and subcoat genotypes for the five sorghums were determined.

Key Words: Emasculation • Pollination • Genotype • Phenotype • Reciprocal crosses • Deviation chi-square • Heterogeneity chi-square • Complimentary factors • Tannin

² Former Graduate Assistant (now Research Associate, Zoology Department, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Ark.) and Professor of Agronomy, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Ark. 72701.

Received for publication May 1, 1972.