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Published in Crop Sci 12:1-5 (1972)
© 1972 Crop Science Society of America
677 S. Segoe Rd., Madison, WI 53711 USA
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Inheritance of Kernel Weight in Six Spring Wheat Crosses1

P. L. F. Sun, H. L. Shands and R. A. Forsberg2

Four spring wheat [Triticum aestivum L. em. Thcll. ssp. vulgate (VilL, Host) Mac Key] cultivars, ‘Henry,’ ‘Thatcher,’ Wis. 255, and C.I. 12633, contrasting parents for kernel weight, were intercrossed in six combinations to estimate gone effect parameters, the extent of heterosis, and heritability for this character.

Hayman's (6) three- and six-parameter models utilizing generation means were used to estimate gene effects. Additive and dominance effects were more consistent and important in determining kernel weight than epistatic effects. However, epistasis was detected in at least 1 year in all crosses where the parents were of different kernel weight classes. Parents and environment influenced the expression of epistasis. Additive x additive and deminance x dominance types of epistasis were more important than additive x dominance effects.

Heterosis, calculated as the percentage increase of F1 above midparent performance, ranged from –4.3 to 31.2%. Heterosis was greater in crosses of more distantly related parents and it usually occurred with significant dominance and one or more significant epistatic effects. Broad sense heritability estimates for kernel weight ranged from 51 to 85% over crosses and years, with one exception (9%).

Key Words: Gene effects • Digenic epistasis • Heterosis • Heritability

1 Contribution from the Agronomy Department, University of Wisconsin, Madison 53706. Published with approval of the Director of the Research Division, College of Agricultural and Life Sciences of the University of Wisconsin. Based on part of the dissertation submitted by the senior author in partial fulfillment of requirements for the Ph.D. degree.

2 Former Research Assistant (now L. Teweles Seed Co., Clinton, Wis.), Professor, and Associate Professor of Agronomy, University of Wisconsin, Madison 53706. The authors appreciate the counsel given by J. H. Torrie.

Received for publication October 18, 1971.




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Copyright © 1972 by the Crop Science Society of America.