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Floral Response of Single-Cut Red Clover Treated with Exogenous Growth Substances¹

Red clover plants (Trifolium pratense L.) of the single-cut cultivar ‘Tammisto,’ maintained under an inductive photoperiod but noninductive thermoperiod, were treated with four micromolar concentrations (0.01, 0.10, 0.25, and 1.00) of gibberellic acid (GA₃), 8-aza adenine (8AA), or N, N'-dinitroethylenediamine (EDNA), applied as two foliar sprays of 1 ml per plant. Eighty-five to 90% of the plants, treated with 0.25 and 1.00 µM of GA₃, initiated floral stems within 4 weeks after treatment, and all plants within 6 weeks after treatment. The 0.01-µM rate of GA₃ was slightly less effective, causing 95% of the treated plants to initiate floral stems 6 weeks after treatment. Only the lowest concentration of 8AA produced a floral response exceeding that of the controls. Plants treated with EDNA exhibited floral development similar to the controls at all rates. Plants treated with GA₃ had fewer stems compared to plants treated with 8AA or EDNA or the control plants.

Key Words: Gibberellic acid • Foliar sprays • Plant development • Floral initiation

² Agronomists, Plant Science Research Division, Agricultural Research Service, US Department of Agriculture, Lafeyette, Ind.

Received for publication April 23, 1971.