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Growth Studies on the Sugarcane Plant. I. Effects of Temperature¹

Growth of four sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) clones, as affected by two air and two root temperatures during a 28-day period, is described. With all treatments dry-matter production was found to be closely related to water consumption (r = 0.98), increase in height of the top visible dewlap (r = 0.95), and spindle growth rate (r = 0.91). The spindle, because of its rapid and constant growth rate, was found to be more reliable than the dewlap for obtaining short-term (24-hr) measurements of dry-weight production. Leaf growth was affected more by low root temperature than by low air temperature. Low root temperatures reduced water consumption per unit leaf area. There was no effect of temperature on the transpiration ratio (water consumed per unit dry weight), but the increase in fresh weight/increase in dry-weight ratio was about four times less under cool root conditions than under warm root conditions.

Key Words: Clones • Fresh weight/dry weight ratio • Leaf area • Shoot/root ratio • Water consumption • Yield

² Respectively, Associate Physiologist and Junior Scientist, Physiology and Biochemistry Department, Experiment Station, Hawaiian Sugar Planters' Association, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822.

Received for publication November 2, 1970.