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Breeding Hard-Seeded Vetch Using Interspecific Hybridization¹

Vicia sativa L. (2n = 12) and V. cordata Wulf. (2n = 10) were crossed to incorporate the gene or genes for hard seed from the latter parent into an agronomically desirable V. sativa line. The F₁ was highly infertile. The F₂ and succeeding generations segregated for parental and recombination types, fertility, and permeability of seedcoat. In each generation selection for hard seed resulted in an increase in frequency of plants that produced 70 to 100% hard seed. Hardseededness increased from 9% in the F₂ to almost 90% in the F₅ and F₆. Fertility and vigor were restored in the V. sativa type by F₄. Recombination types continued to segregate for percentage hard seed, plant type, and seed production through F₆. V. cordata types were not selected beyond the F₃ because of the small size of this parent. Many V. sativa type F₆ lines were genetically stable for a high percentage hard seed and high seed yield.

Key Words: Vicia sativa L. • V. cordata Wulf. • Sterility

² Professor, Department of Agronomy and Soils.

Received for publication March 22, 1971.