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Effects of CCC on Tillering and Flowering of Uniculm Barley¹

Effects of (2-chloroethyl)trimethyl ammonium chloride (CCC) on the uniculm mutant of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) were studied at several concentrations applied as a soil drench. Individual plants were grown in 15-cm pots well spaced on a greenhouse bench. Treated plants were shorter and darker green than untreated. Control plants consisted of a single shoot, but treated plants showed increased tillering with increasing CCC concentration. A high percentage of the additional tillers produced spikes. Microscopic examination of young untreated plants showed tiller primordia were present in most leaf or leaf primordia axils. Growth of these was promoted by CCC. Supernumerary spikes were observed on some treated plants that appeared to result from an interaction of cool temperatures and short days with CCC treatment. A greater grain yield on treated plants resulted directly from the greater number of tillers.

Key Words: Tiller primordia • Growth retardent • Supernumerary spikes • Yield increase • Growth regulator

² Formerly Drylands Research Institute Fellow and Professor of Agronomy, respectively.

Received for publication March 15, 1971.