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Induction of Male Sterility in Wheat with 2-Chloroethylphosphonic Acid (Ethrel)¹

Male sterility was determined in greenhouse and fieldgrown wheat (Triticum aestivum L) sprayed with 2-chloroethylphosphonic acid (Ethrel). Plants treated with 500 ppm in the pre-boot and boot stages of development produced significantly fewer seeds per spike compared with untreated spikes. Plants treated with 1000 to 3,000 ppm Ethrel produced little or no seed set. The most usable level of male sterility occurred with rates ranging from 1000 to 2,000 ppm applied at the early, mid-, and late boot stages. With increasing maturity, the concentration of Ethrel needed to approach 100% sterility also increased. The ovary, style, and stigma of treated plants appeared unaffected. In field-grown ‘Nugaines’ winter wheat, significant differences between seeds per spike in those spikes allowed only to self-pollinate and those allowed to cross-pollinate with pollinators were shown for all concentrations in the early, mid- and late boot stages indicating ovary receptiveness. Side effects were minimal except at higher concentrations in which poor spike emergence and plant dwarfing were observed. Our results indicate that production of usable male sterility in wheat utilizing Ethrel appears feasible.

Key Words: Gametocide • Ethylene • Hybrid wheat

² Graduate Research Assistant and Assistant Professor respectively, Department of Agronomy and Soils, Washington State University, Pulhnan, Wash. 99163.

Received for publication February 4, 1971.

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