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Genotype-environment Studies of Test Weight and Its Components in Soft Winter Wheat¹

The genotype-environmental interaction of test weight and its components in Eastern soft winter wheat, Triticum aestivum L. em ‘Thell,’ was studied at seven locations in 2 years. Significant effects of location and years for test weight indicate that breeders should include a sample of years and locations when selecting for this character.

By removing the differential effects of density, an environmental characteristic, from test weight and dealing only with packing efficiency, a varietal characteristic, a definite gain in genetic variance was obtained.

Although test weight and kernel weight under different environments were highly correlated, a covariance analysis demonstrated no genetic correlation between them. This suggests that there are no genes in common controlling test weight and kernel weight in the varieties studied.

Utilizing a combined regression analysis to examine genotype stability of test weight, cultivars and advanced breeding lines that had a significant interaction with the nursery means over different environments were identified. These lines were relatively indifferent to environmental variation and always had good test-weight performance. The analysis also identified genotypes with average sensitivity and lines with extreme or undesirable sensitivity.

Key Words: Wheat quality • Wheat breeding • Triticum aestivum

² Formerly graduate assistant (now Assistant Professor, Department of Horticulture, Ghandi-Shahpoor, Ahwaz, Iran) and Professor of Crop and Soil Sciences, Michigan State Univ., East Lansing, Midi. 48823.

Received for publication November 20, 1970.

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