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Population Response of Soybeans in Hill-Plots¹

Hill populations of 3, 6, 9, and 12 plants of ‘Clark 63’ and ‘Harosoy 63’ soybeans [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] were evaluated in a systematic design. Response of yield and other characters were studied at 10 spacings from 30 to 122 cm to determine effects of populations on evaluating northern soybean genotypes in hill-plots. Competition between different plant populations per hill also was assessed.

Yield was not significantly different among 3-, 6-, 9-, and 12-plant hills through spacings from 30 to 65 cm between hill~ for Harosoy 63 and from 30 to 104 cm for Clark 63. At spacings greater than these, yields of 6-, 9-, and 12-plant hills tended to be greater than 3-plant hills. Maturity was earlier in three-plant hills than in higher populations at close spacings, but was similar for all populations per hill at spacings greater than 48 cm. Lodging generally increased as plants per hill increased at all spacings, and was moderately severe at close spacings especially in 9- and 12-plant hills. There were no significant differences in plant height among different populations per hill at any spacing for Harosoy 63. Clark 63 plants were shorter at low populations per hill than at high populations. Seed weight differed significantly among varying plant numbers per hill at all spacings.

Competitive effects among hills differing by three plants were nonsignificant for all characters except seed weight.

Key Words: Competition • Glycine Max (L.) Merr. • Spacing

² Graduate Research Assistant, Purdue University, Research Geneticist and Research Agronomist, Plant Science Research Division, Agricultural Research Service, U. S. Department of Agriculture, and Associate Professor and Professor of Agronomy, respectively, Purdue University, Lafayette, Ind. 47907.

Received for publication June 24, 1970.