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F₁ Hybrids Versus Random F₅ Line Performance and Estimates of Genetic Effects in Spring Wheat¹

Three hard red spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) crosses which had exhibited significant heterosis in a previous study were analyzed genetically by Hayman's generation mean analysis. Approximately 90 random F₃- derived F₅ lines were used as an agronomic comparison with the F₁ hybrid generation and to determine if the genetic analysis based on parental, F₁, F₂, F₃, F₄, and backcross selfed generation means were of use in determining the possible results of selection.

Results of the genetic analysis indicated that selection of individual plants should be effective for plant height and heading date. Less value was realized from the analysis of the three crosses for yield.

F₅ lines which performed significantly better than the F₁ hybrid were found in each cross. One F₁ hybrid failed to exceed the yield of its high parent, but both of the other hybrids were heterotic. F₀ lines, derived from the best-yielding F₅ lines, and their respective parental F₅ lines performed similarly when grown in the same experiments.

Key Words: Breeding • Heterosis • Epistasis

² Assistant Professor and Associate Professors, respectively, Department of Agronomy, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota 58102.

Received for publication September 16, 1970.