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Development of Cystine- and Cysteine-rich Aleurone Grains in Bean Seeds¹

Histochemical techniques were used to study aleurone grains in developing cotyledons of four cultivars of Phaseolus vulgaris L. The ninhydrin-Schiff's reaction and the 2,2'-dihydroxy - 6,6' dinaphthyl-disulfide (DDD) method were used to identify total protein and protein bound sulfhydryl and disulfide groups respectively. Aleurone grains of the subepidermal and adjacent mesophyll cells showed a more intense staining reaction to DDD 28 days after flower opening than the rest of the cotyledon, and the staining differentiation increased until the seed matured. The greatest concentrations of these deeply staining aleurone grains were in two areas, at the point where the embryo axis attaches to the cotyledons and adjacent to the hilum. A varietal difference was not demonstrated by these techniques.

Key Words: Phaseolus vulgaris • Histo-chemical sulfhydryl groups • protein bodies • Seed proteins

² Former Graduate Research Assistant and Professor, Department of Agronomy, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, 80521.

Received for publication August 11, 1970.