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Published in Crop Sci 11:213-217 (1971)
© 1971 Crop Science Society of America
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Characterization of Alkaloids in Palatable and Unpalatable Clones of Phalaris arundinacea L1

Martin Williams, R. F. Barnes and John M. Cassady2

We determined the types and amounts of alkaloids found in four reed canarygrass (Phalaris arundinacea L.) genotypes that differed in palatability. The palatability differences had been demonstrated previously in cafeteria grazing trials with lambs. The following alkaloids were identified in reed canarygrass by combinations of gas-liquid chromatography, thin-layer chromatography, and mass spectrometry: gramine, hordenine, N-monomethyltryptamine, N,N-dimethyltryptamine, 5-methoxy-N-monomethyltryptamine, 5-methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine (5-MeO-DMT). Three additional peaks were detected by gas-liquid chromatography, and work is in progress to determine their structures. The crude alkaloid content of the palatable and unpalatable clones averaged 0.26 and 0.78%, respectively, on a dry-matter basis. The amount of 5-MeO-DMT in the unpalatable clones averaged 18 times the amount found in palatable clones.

Key Words: Gas-liquid chromatography • Thin-layer chromatography • Mass spectrometry • Reed canarygrass • Palatability

1 Cooperative investigations of the Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy and Pharmacal Sciences, and Department of Agronomy, Purdue University; and Crops Research Division, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Lafayette, Ind. 47907. Journal paper no. 4099 of the Purdue University Agricultural Experiment Station.

2 Graduate student, Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy; Research Agronomist, Crops Research Division, ARS, USDA, U.S. Regional Pasture Research Laboratory, University Park, Pa. 16802 (formerly at Lafayette, Ind.); and Associate Professor, Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, respectively.

Received for publication July 28, 1970.




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