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A Diallel Analaysis of Several Agronomic Traits in Upland Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)¹

Diallel analyses of seed cotton yield per plant, lint yield per plant, lint percent, and earliness were conducted on 10 selected wtrieties of upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) and the 45 F₁ crosses among them in 1965 and on the parents, F_l's, and their 45 F₂ progenies in 1966 using the procedure developed by Jinks and Hayman. A partial failure of the assumptions was observed for each trait. However, lint percent more nearly fulfilled the assumptions than did the measurements for yield or earliness. Epistasis did not appear to be a factor in any of those failures. A genotype by environment interaction lot the additive components of variation was noted for lint percent. A single interaction for the dominance components influenced earliness.

All traits appeared to be governed by a weighted overall degree of dominance in the overdominanee range except for lint percent in the 1966 F₁ where partial dominance was indicated. The magnitudes of their heritability estimates indicated that mass selection on a plot mean basis when plots are small would not be very effective in altering any of these traits. Pedigrees, sib tests, or progeny tests (or various combinations among them) almost certainly Will be required to improve seed cotton yield, lint yield, or earliness in this material and may be necessary to improve lint percent.

The reliability of F₁. diallel estimates from year to year at a single location was investigated. Comparisons between F₁'s and F₂'s were also made.

Key Words: Seed cotton yield per plant • Lint yield per plant • Lint percent • Earliness • Epistasis • Genotype by environment interaction • Degree of dominance • Heritability

² Assistant Professor, Graduate Research Assistant, Former Graduate Student (now on the Faculty of the College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, University of Baghdad, Iraq), Graduate Student, and Professor in the Deparmtent of Agronomy, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma 74074.

Received for publication July 29, 1970.