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Breeding Methods for Improving Pima Cotton and Their Implications on Variety Maintenance¹

Three commercial varieties of cotton (Gossypium barbadense L.) = ‘Pima S-1,’ ‘Pima S-2,’ and ‘Pima S-4’ = and selections from each variety were included in this study. Crosses among varieties and strains followed by selection resulted in greater improvement than selection within a variety. The potential of a strain was established in a few generations after a cross, making further selection ineffective. Thus, maintaining the established variety in the simplest manner possible, such as storing breeders seed for periodic release, and a separate program of improvement by hybridization and selection are suggested.

Key Words: G. barbadense • Variety improvement • Variety maintenance

² Research Agronomist and Research Geneticist, Crops Research Division, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, University of Arizona Cotton Research Center, Phoenix, Ariz. 85040.

Received for publication July 18, 1970.