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Genetics of Isozyme Variants in Barley. I. Esterases¹

The 30 parents of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) Composite Cross V (CC-V), F₁ and F₂ progenies from crosses between selected parents, and progenies obtained by selling individuals from advanced generations of CC-V were studied by starch-gel electrophoresis. Data are presented demonstrating that the 21 esterase bands observed in plumule tissue of seedlings are governed by seven loci, designated EA-EG; four codominant alleles were found for locus EA, three for loci EB and EC, and three for locus ED, plus a recessive null or silent allele. Loci EE, EF, and EG show either a single-banded or null expression, with banded dominant to null. Loci EA, EB, and EC are tightly linked (recombination values EA-EB = .0023, EB-EC = .0059, EA-EC = .0048). The ED and EG loci each segregate independently of loci EA, EB, and EC and also segregate independently of each other. There is extensive allelic polymorphism among the parents of CC-V for the EA, EB, EC, and ED loci; only 3 of the 30 parents are monomorphic for all four loci whereas 6 arc polymorphic for one, two, or three loci, and 9 are polymorphic for all four loci. The EG locus, in contrast, is nearly invariant in the parents of CC-V. The extent of polymorphism for loci EE and EF could not be determined precisely due to poor resolution obtained for these loci with the electrophoretic technique used during most of the present experiment. It was concluded that the esterase isozymes are useful research tools for determining the extent and geographical distribution of allelic variability in barley populations, and for studies of various factors involved in its development and maintenance.

Key Words: Allelic polymorphism • Electrophoresis • Gene-enzyme systems

² Laboratory Technician, Department of Agronomy and Range Science; and Professor of Genetics.

Received for publication February 19, 1970.