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Published in Crop Sci 10:419-422 (1970)
© 1970 Crop Science Society of America
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Yield Reduction in Safflower Hybrids Caused by Female Selfs1

A. L. Urie and D. E. Zimmer2

Fl hybrids of safflower, Carthamus tinctorius L., when grown in comparative yield trials with adapted varieties, outyielded ‘Ute,’ the highest yielding variety, by an average of 24%. Hybrids mixed with 16 to 43% female selfs (partial hybrids) failed to show the same superiority. Normal-hull varieties containing mixtures of from 10 to 60% thin-hull (females) failed to yield as much as the same varieties without the mixtures. As the percentage of thin-hull plants increased in the mixture the yield decreased. Unless the competition resulting from the presence of low-yielding selfs can be avoided, eliminated, or reduced, the maximum potential yield afforded by hybrids may not be realized.

Key Words: Carthanus tinctorius L. • varietal mixtures • thin-hull safflower

1 Cooperative investigation of the Crops Research Division, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture and the Utah Agricultural Experiment Station, Logan, Utah. Published with the approval of the Director of the Utah Agr. Exp. Sta. as Journal Paper No. 1003.

2 Research Agronomist and Research Plant Pathologist, Crops Research Division, ARS, USDA, Logan, Utah. Present addresses: U.S. Cotton Research Station, Shafter, Calif. 932G3, and North Dakota State Univ., Fargo, N.D. 58102, respectively.

Received for publication February 12, 1970.




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