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Agronomic Properties Associated with the Glandless Alleles in Two Varieties of Upland Cotton¹

Experiments conducted at the North Carolina Agricultural Experiment Station showed that, after five generations of backcrossing, glandless strains of upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) yielded from 5 to 10% less fiber than their glandular recurrent parents. Replicated trials involving normal (dimeric), semi-glandless (monomeric), and glandless lines were performed over a period of 3 years at three locations to test the hypothesis that reductions in performance were associated with the glandless alleles. Two varieties were used, and there were four genotypes. In the ‘Coker 100-A’ varietal background most of the loss in productivity was associated with the g1₂ allele, whereas the gl₂ allele was largely neutral in its effects. Several characters other than fiber yield were affected in some way by the presence of gl₂. In the ‘Empire’ background both gl₂ and gl₃ were associated with yield reduction, and gl₂ affected a few other characters. In both varieties gl₂ had much more drastic effects than gl₃ and affected more characters. Although the experiments were not designed to distinguish between linkage and pleiotropic effects, the pattern of the effects suggested that linked factors were the major cause of the loss in performance.

Key Words: Orthogonal partitioning • Approximate tests • Individual allelic effects

² Graduate fellow in Crop Science; Geneticist, Crops Research Division. ARS, USDA: and Professor of Experimental Statistics. North Carolina Agr. Esp. Sta., respectively. Computing services were supplied by the Computing Center, USDA, Beltsville, Md. and by Public Health Services Grant FR 00011 from the Division of General Medical Sciences.