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Importance of Hexaploid Wheat Germ Plasm in Hexaploid Triticale Breeding¹

The original hexaploid (6x) Triticales were synthesized from crosses involving tetraploid (4x) wheat, Triticum sp. and rye, Secale sp. Recent evidence suggests that 6x wheat germ plasm is important in the improvement of 6x Triticale. Reasons for this are examined both at the nuclear and the cytoplasmic level.

By incorporating the 6x wheat genotype in 6x Triticale, one is recombining the AB genomes of the 4x and the 6x wheats and thereby making use of the evolutionary advantages of the 6x wheats. The C:N (cytoplasmicnuclear) ploidy ratio is 1:1 and 1:1.5 in 6x Triticale having 6x and 4x wheat cytoplasm, respectively. From this and other experimental evidence, 6x wheat cytoplasm appears of be more compatible than 4x wheat cytoplasm with the nucleus of the 6x Triticale. However, this relationship is not expected to be absolute since each genotype may be unique in its response.

Key Words: Cytoplasmic-nuclear relationship

² Professional Associate and Head, Department of Plant Science.

Received for publication August 25, 1969.