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Heritability Estimates of the Maturity of Fruit from Specific Growth Periods in Virginia Type Peanuts (Arachis hypogaea L.)¹

Components of variance and parent-progeny regression techniques were utilized in Virginia type peanuts (Arachis hypogaea L.) to estimate the heritability of maturity as measured by the percent light transmittance through oil expressed from the kernels. Heritability coefficients were determined for early, intermediate, and late pegging groups in the F₄ and F₅ generations in the same year. The estimates were in remarkably close agreement for the two techniques and for the two generations. The coefficients ranged from .69 in the early pegging group to .95 in the late group. Predicted gains from hypothetical selection were similar to actual gains. The percent gain in maturity increased with successive pegging groups, resulting in more than twice as much gain from selection in the late as in the early group. These results indicate that greatest gain can be made by selecting for a rapid rate of fruit maturation at later-appearing fruit positions.

Key Words: Peanut maturity • Oil pigmentation • Pegging groups • Predicted genetic gain

² Formerly Graduate Research Assistant, North Carolina State University (presently Research Geneticist, Crops Research Division, Agricultural Research Service, U. S. Department of Agriculture, Greeneville, Tennessee 37743), and Professor of Crop Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, N. C. 27607, respectively.

Received for publication June 4, 1969.