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Gene Action in the Inheritance of Fiber Properties in Intervarietal Diallel Crosses of Upland Cotton, Gossypium hirsutum L.¹

We grew nine selected cotton varieties, all possible F₁ hybrid combinations among these varieties, and their corresponding F₂'s in a split-plot design with four replications. Heterosis, when measured as the departure from the average midparent value, was manifested at a low level for 50% span length (4.0%), 2.5% span length (2.8%), fiber strength (5.6%) and fiber elongation (8.5%). Heterosis was not observed for fiber fineness. Inbreeding depression, measured as a reduction in F₂ below F₁ performance, was not significant for any of the fiber properties measured. General and specific combining ability were both highly significant for all fiber properties.

Jinks-Hayman's method of diallel cross analysis showed that all fiber properties were within the range of partial dominance (except fiber fineness, which showed overdominance, possibly caused by repulsion linkage) and that all are polygenically inherited characters.

Heritability, as the ratio of the additive, or additive x additive epistatic variance, or both, to the total phenotypic variance, was relatively high for all fiber properties measured, except fiber fineness. This result suggested that a major part of the total phenotypic variance was additive.

Key Words: Diallel analysis • Heterosis Inbreeding depression • Combining ability

² Formerly Graduate Student, Soil & Crop Sciences Department, Texas A&M University, (now, Department of Field Crops, Faculty of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, University of Mosul, Mosul, Iraq); and Research Geneticist, Crops Research Division, ARS, USDA, College Station, Aexas, 77843.

Received for publication August 7, 1969.

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